写作

warning

仅用于应试。

小作文

tip

常考的类型有邀请信（描述一个活动）、建议信、推荐信（描述一个事物的优点）、告示和道歉信，此外还有投诉信、辞职信、祝贺信、感谢信和告知信；只要有沾边的这些模板可以混用，如在邀请信中可以描述活动的优点，因此可以套用推荐信的句子。

除了文体，小作文几乎不会对其他内容进行限定，因此小作文主打一个 编。

书信格式

称呼，可以分为以下几种，结尾使用逗号

1. 写给机构，$\text{Dear Sir or Madam,}$
2. 写给个人，题目有人名直接抄，没有自己编，$\text{Dear LiMing,}\ \text{Dear Dr./Prof. Sam,}$
3. 写给集体，$\text{Dear Organizing Committee,}\ \text{Dear Volunteer Association,}$

正文，一般分为三段：

1. 自我介绍 + 写作目的一句
2. 四到五句具体内容
3. 希望接受 + 期待回复两句

落款，右下角 左对齐，结尾逗号

1. 写给组织团体或不熟悉的人，$\text{Yours sincerely/faithfully,}$
2. 写给长者或尊敬的人，$\text{Yours respectfully,}$
3. 写给亲属或挚友，$\text{Yours affectionately,}$

自我介绍 + 写作目的

模板为 $\text{As xxxxxx who xxxxxx, I am writing this letter/email to do sth}$，如 $\text{As a students of our university},\text{As a student who is addicted to reading}$.

$\text{to do sth}$ 根据书信类型而定，如邀请信

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{As the president of the Students' Union,}\\ &\text{I am writing this email to invite you to organize a professionl team for the "Hope" innovation competition.} \end{aligned}$$

加上定语从句：

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{As the president of the Students' Union \color{red} who is filled with respect for your academic level \color{normal}, }\\ &\text{I am writing this email to invite you to organize a professionl team for the "Hope" innovation competition.} \end{aligned}$$

同样的末尾也可以加上定语从句来修饰要做的事情。 :

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{As the president of the Students' Union \color{red} who is filled with respect for your academic level \color{normal}, }\\ &\text{I am writing this email to invite you to organize a professionl team for the "Hope" innovation competition}\\ &\text{\color{red}that enjoys a great reputation all over the world.} \end{aligned}$$

但是这样有点太长了，自己取舍。

如果写作对象是朋友等熟人，则像上面的介绍这样自己的身份，而是可以使用定于从句修饰自身的特点/资格，来给后面要做的事情赋予合理性。 比如要给朋友推荐电影，可以写

$$\text{As one who is addicted to films, I am writing this email to remand you some awsome films that I watched more than 3 times.}$$

Smail bar

常见的词组如下

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{shorten the distance between students}\\ &\text{make the campus life more colorful/vibrant}\\ &\text{improve their confidence/creativity/physical conditon}\\ &\text{liberate their imagination}\\ &\text{enrich their campus life}\\ &\text{broaden their horizons}\\ &\text{arouse their interests/enthusiasm for}\\ &\text{relieve their pressure}\\ \end{aligned}$$

简记首字母 $\text{Smile bar}$，开头的动词、中间的名词，结尾的形容词都可以替换成更高级的。

大作文中词组如下：

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{save money/time/labor}\\ &\text{make sth/sb more adj}\\ &\text{make our own contribution to xxx}\\ &\text{make positive attributions to things}\\ &\text{imporve competitiveness/efficiency/cultural confidence/nation cohension/living standards/concentration}\\ &\text{lower consumption of resources}\\ &\text{leave a good impression on others}\\ &\text{learn more things}\\ &\text{enrich our spiritual life}\\ &\text{build a good social atmosphere/harmonious society}\\ &\text{broaden out horizons}\\ &\text{bring convenience/warmth to our life}\\ &\text{acquire a better prospect both in career and life}\\ &\text{acquire support and trust from others}\\ &\text{acquire more advanced knowledge}\\ &\text{reduce CO2 emissions}\\ &\text{realize dreams/xxx}\\ &\text{recover from the adversity swiftly}\\ \end{aligned}$$

末段

主要内容表示希望接受和期待回复，相关词组如 $\text{invitation, suggestion, recommendation, apology, congratulation}$.

模板为

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{I will be grateful/It will be appreciated if you can accept/take ... into consideration.}\\ &\text{I am looking forward to your early reply.} \end{aligned}$$

有些情况使用下面的表达更好，比如道歉信。

$$\text{I really want you to accept ....}$$

邀请信

正文第二段活动三句话 + 被邀请人一句话，四选三即可。

第一句：活动的信息，如举办时间、地点、举办方等。

时间地点顺序问题

汉语的表述中，时间在地点之前，如 我周五晚上 10 点在小树林等你，这里有两个时间，周五晚上和十点，因此顺序应该是大时间、小时间、地点。

而在英语中是完全相反，地点、小时间、大时间。

模板如下：

$$\text{\color{red} what activiy \color{nomal} will be held by \color{green} who \color{yellow} where \color{blue} at time \color{purple} on day}$$

一般题目都没有时间细节，需要自己补充，如 $\text{7 a.m. on May 1th}$

地点的选择有：

1. 室内，如在礼堂、体育馆 $\text{at the \color{red} auditorium/gym}$
2. 室外，在操场 $\text{on the \color{red}playground}$
3. 校外，在遥远的村庄、福利院、志愿者中心 $\text{in a remote \color{red}village/welfare house/volunteer center}$
4. 线上，在钉钉、腾讯会议、直播平台 $\text{at \color{red} Ding Talk/Tencent Meeting}, \text{on a \color{red}live streaming platform}$

第二句：表达活动的目的

$$\text{It aims to do A, to do B and to do C}$$

使用前面的短语填空就行了。

句式也可以换成其他的，如

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{The main/primary purpose/objective/aim/goal of this activity/event/gathering is to do}\\ &\text{The activity is intended/aims/ to do}\\ \end{aligned}$$

第三句：活动流程和内容

$$\text{It includes a variety of activities, such as \color{red}A, B and C}$$

可以填开幕、颁奖、问答、致辞和晚宴等：

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{the opening session}\\ &\text{the awarding part}\\ &\text{the question and answering part}\\ &\text{the speech-delivering part}\\ &\text{the dinner part}\\ \end{aligned}$$

第四句：邀请原因

对长辈：$\text{You have enjoyed great popularity in our university, so your coming will be our great honor}$，ChatGPT 生成的：$\text{Your esteemed reputation precedes you, and it is an immense honor for us to welcome your presence to our school.}$

对平辈：$\text{This is especially for you, so you will enjoy a good time then.}$

建议信

tip

建议信分为单纯建议信和混合建议信，后者为建议信和其他类型的混合，如建议加祝贺、建议加感谢等，单纯建议信更难。

第一段和其他类型的有一些区别，同样分为两种，单纯建议信：

$$\text{to make some useful suggestions about}$$

混合建议信，第一段解决第一个点，如题目要求

1. thank him;
2. give your advice.

则第一段介绍之后写作目的完成第一个要求感谢，如

$$\text{As one who majors in translation, I am weiting this letter to express my sincere gratitude to you for your congratulations.}$$

第一句话：总论，用于引出下文的建议，如果是单纯建议信则不需要。

$$\text{Here are some useful suggestions about }$$

建议 1：

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{First and foremost/To begin with/Primrily, it is necessary for xxx to do sth.}\\ &\text{First and foremost/To begin with/Primrily, it will be more beneficial for xxx to do sth if xxxxxxx} \end{aligned}$$

建议 2：

$$\text{In addition/Besides/Moreover, xxx \color{red} should/ought to/be supposed to \color{normal} do sth.}$$

建议 3：

$$\text{Last but not least/in closing/Last of all, sth should be done.}$$

三大从句

若三个建议的句子太短，可以再上三大从句（结果/目的/原因，难度从低到高）：

1. 结果，$\text{which would be beneficial to sb.}$
2. 目的，$\text{so that you can/are able to do A, B and C.}$
3. 原因，$\text{because …}$

推荐信

需要积累相关的电影、书籍等，以防到时候没得写。

万能的 ChatGPT 生成的

1. 🌟 盗梦空间，主题词： mind-bending（致幻）stunning visuals intricate plot

   1. This mind-bending sci-fi thriller directed by Christopher Nolan will take you on a thrilling journey through dreams within dreams.
   2. With its intricate plot, stunning visuals, and stellar performances, "Inception" is a masterpiece that will keep you engaged and questioning reality till the very end.

2. 🎬 肖申克的救赎，主题词：friendship hope redemption

   1. This captivating drama directed by Frank Darabont tells the heartwarming story of friendship, hope, and redemption set against the backdrop of a prison.
   2. With its brilliant storytelling, profound characters, and powerful performances by Tim Robbins and Morgan Freeman, this film is widely regarded as one of the greatest movies of all time.

3. 🌌 星际穿越，主题词：space time love visual enjoyment thought-provoking

   1. "Interstellar" is a visually stunning and thought-provoking sci-fi epic directed by Christopher Nolan.
   2. Embark on an extraordinary journey through space and time as a team of astronauts tries to save humanity from an Earth on the brink of disaster.
   3. With its breathtaking visuals, emotional depth, and a captivating exploration of the human spirit, "Interstellar" is an immersive cinematic experience that will leave you in awe.

4. 📚 Book: "1984" by George Orwell

   1. This dystopian novel depicts a totalitarian society where individual freedom is suppressed and surveillance is pervasive.
   2. Orwell's brilliant portrayal of a future dominated by government control and manipulation is both chilling and thought-provoking.
   3. "1984" serves as a stark reminder of the importance of personal freedom and the dangers of unchecked power.

5. 📘 Book: "The Alchemist" by Paulo Coelho 炼金术师 牧羊少年奇幻之旅

   1. If you're looking for a book that inspires and uplifts, "The Alchemist" by Paulo Coelho is a must-read.
   2. This enchanting novel tells the story of Santiago, a young shepherd boy, on his quest for purpose and meaning.
   3. Filled with profound life lessons and spiritual insights, "The Alchemist" encourages readers to follow their dreams and listen to their hearts.
   4. It is a timeless tale of self-discovery and the pursuit of one's personal legend.

6. 📕 Book: "Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind" by Yuval Noah Harari 人类简史

   1. "Sapiens" by Yuval Noah Harari offers a fascinating exploration of the history and impact of Homo sapiens on the world.
   2. Harari takes readers on a journey from our earliest ancestors to modern civilization, discussing the development of language, agriculture, culture, and more.
   3. This captivating book presents a unique perspective on the course of human history, encouraging readers to reflect on our past and contemplate the future of our species.

总论：

$$\text{The reasons why I recommend this to you are as follows.}$$

原因 1：

$$\text{First and foremost/.../..., from watching/reading xxx you can benefit a lost, such as A, B, and C.}$$

原因 2：

$$\text{In addition/xxx/xxx, sth is so inseresting/splendid/marvelous/wonderful/stunning that I never fail to be irresistibly attracted/drawn to it, which leaves a deep impression on me.}$$

原因 3：

$$\text{Last but not least, it is quite famous, enjoying a great reputation all over the world.}$$

道歉信

第一段：

$$\text{... to express my sincere apology to you for/because}$$

犯错原因：

1. 意外：$\text{The reason for my mistake is that I suddenly received a notice that I have to prepare for an important interview/exam}$
2. 粗心：$\text{…. is that I am so careless that I fail to do sth}$
3. 自己编：$\text{The reason for my mistake/oversight is that …}$

背锅：

$$\text{I take full responsibility for this fault, and i assure you that this won't happen again.}$$

解决方案：

自己编一个。

$$\text{To make up for my fault, ....}$$

ChatGPT 写的

假设你忘记归还你房东的 CD，请你写一份英文道歉信阐明原因、承认错误并给出解决方案，要求使用英文道歉信的规范，100 词左右

Dear Landlord,

I would like to express my sincere apologies regarding the CD that I forgot to return to you. （可以套在第一段）I deeply regret my mistake and understand the inconvenience it has caused you.（第二段背锅）

The reason for this oversight（疏忽） was my carelessness and forgetfulness.（犯错原因） I take full responsibility for my actions and I assure you that it was not intentional.（背锅）

To resolve this issue, I will personally return the CD to you as soon as possible. Additionally, I am willing to compensate for any inconvenience by offering to cover any expenses incurred due to the delay.（解决方案）

Once again, I apologize for the inconvenience caused and I appreciate your understanding in this matter.

Best regards,

[Your Name] 😔🙏

犯错原因可以使用一个定语从句，改写如下

$$\text{The reason for this oversight was my carelessness and forgetfulness which may cause inconvenience to you.}$$

告知信

没有套路，其他的能套就套，没有就自己写。

可以使用五大基本句型来增长句子：

1. 结果 $\text{,which would be beneficial/bring convenience to sth.}$
2. 目的 $\text{so that/,which would enable sb to do sth}$
3. 原因 $because$
4. 条件 $if$
5. 时间 $When$

真题

Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with john a local student, write him an emaile to

1. Tells him about your living habits, and
2. Ask for advice for living there

先想几个相关短语：

1. 习惯早睡
2. 喜欢安静
3. 希望养一只小狗

开头正常写

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{As a student who will live and study with you next month,}\\ &\text{I am wrting this email to tell you about my living habits that may be different from yours. } \end{aligned}$$

第二段同样分为三句话，

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{First and foremost, I am used to going to sleep early at night,}\\ &\text{so that I am able to enhance my study efficiency during the day time.}\\ &\text{In addition, I perfer a quiet environment which would help me to focus more deeply and to relieve my pressure.}\\ &\text{Finally, I am extremely excited to live and study there. Can you provide me some advice about living?} \end{aligned}$$

尾段可以表达一下对未来生活的期待或希望接受生活习惯和期待回信。

Details

ChatGPT 写的

Subject: 🏠 Excited to Share an Apartment with You, John! 🌍

Dear John,

I hope this email finds you in good health and high spirits. I am delighted to inform you that we will be sharing an apartment as we embark on our study abroad journey together. Before we embark on this exciting endeavor, I would like to take the opportunity to introduce myself and discuss our living habits. Moreover, I would greatly appreciate any advice you might have on navigating the local living experience.

Firstly, allow me to share some insight into my living habits:

1. 🌙 I consider myself a nocturnal individual, deriving the most productivity during the evening hours. However, I am adaptable and open to finding a mutually beneficial routine that accommodates both our preferences.
2. 🎧 I have a fondness for listening to music as it aids in my focus and relaxation. Rest assured, I will always utilize headphones to ensure you are not disturbed. If you have any specific preferences or concerns regarding this matter, please do not hesitate to inform me.
3. 🧹 I strongly believe in maintaining a clean and organized living space. I understand the importance of shared responsibilities and would be more than willing to discuss and establish a cleaning schedule that suits both our needs.

On to my second point, being a local student, your expertise and insights about the area would be immensely valuable to me. I kindly request your advice on various aspects of living in our new abode. This may include recommendations for local dining establishments, cultural customs, transportation tips, or any other information you deem beneficial for a newcomer to the city. Your guidance and local knowledge will undoubtedly contribute to making my transition more seamless and enjoyable.

John, I am eagerly looking forward to meeting you and embarking on this incredible adventure together. Please feel free to reach out if you have any questions, concerns, or if there are further matters you would like to discuss.

Wishing you a splendid day!

Best regards,

[Your Name]

告示信

题干含有 $notice$，告示的第一行写 Notice，居中首字母大写，第二行的右侧写日期 $\text{December 23th, 2023}$

第一段：

$$\text{This notice is written to do ...}$$

$第二段$：可以写一些活动相关的，这里参考邀请信中对活动的描述，或推荐信中的优点。 以及需要志愿者。

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{We need serveral volunteers for this activity.}\\ &\text{The should be patient, confident and energetic, and most importantly the ought to have excellent communication skills.} \end{aligned}$$

第三段：联系方式 + 欢迎参加

$$\text{Those who are interested in being part/portion of it call 88888 for further information.}$$

署名：右下角，题目有署名直接抄，没有使用以下：

1. The Student Union
2. XXX University.

感谢信

tip

感谢信很容易套用模板，因此考得不多，只在 10 年考了半次（感谢信 + 欢迎信）

大作文

tip

英一大作文一般考漫画，可分为三段：

1. 第一段描述漫画，第一句话用于描述第一个人，写明其位置、动作、话语等；第二句话描述另一个人/物特征等；第三句话对漫画的文字进行说明，若没有字则说明其象征意义。
2. 第二段解释漫画，一般四到六个句子，顺序为主题句、意义分析、例证分析、研究发现。
3. 第三段评论漫画，三句话，分别为结论句、提建议、展望未来。

第一段：抽象图片——具体汉语——句型——英文句子

第一句话是一个完全倒装句，借词短语前置，be 动词放后面，再放人物，最后一个定语从句描述其动作、话语等。

$$\text{As is shown above, on the boat are/is \color{red}adj.\color{normal} two tourists/a man who is/are doing and saying/thinking ....}$$

这里的 are/is 可以换成一些不及物动词，比如一位男士坐在座位上：

$$\text{on the seat sits a man}$$

常用的介词有：

1. 前面 in front of
2. 后面 behind of
3. 上面 on
4. 下面 under
5. 里面 in
6. 中间 in the middle of
7. 周围 around
8. 左边/右边 at the left/right side of

若没有参照物就说在图片中

$$\text{in the middle of/at the left/right side of the pictrue}$$

描述对象的常用形容词：

1. 情绪：$\text{perplexed, upset, cheerful, anxious, calm, exhausted}$
2. 性格：$\text{creative, inflexible, courageous, weak, optimistic, pessimistic,deligent/self-disciplined}$
3. 外貌：$\text{elegant, cure, handsome, cool, amiable}$
4. 身份：$\text{athlete, graduate, hair}$

第二句：

$$\text{Meanwhile/On the contrary, there is sb dong and replying/imagining / sth xxxx and xxx /when...}$$

当对象行为、话语等有对比时，使用 on the contrary，顺承关系使用 Meanwhile.

当人或物是不同环境、时间下的相同对象是，使用 when，不同则使用 there is.

第三句分为有文字或无文字的情况

$$\text{The caption indicates .... / Simple as the picture is, the symbolic meaning is as deep as ocean.}$$

描述话语时可以使用直接引语，即翻译其所说的话，也可以使用间接引语，不需要要加引号，而是描述这句话的作用，比如激励某某做什么，表明什么；若有两句话则可一个句话使用直接引语一句话使用间接有引语，丰富文章。

第二段：解释段落，包含八大话题：创新、正面现象、个人品质、传统生活、诚信、文明行为、压力/心理健康、低碳生活/经济。

第一句（主题句）：

这篇作文的目的是想我们展示：足够的注意力应该被放到 主题词 的重要性上：

$$\text{The purpose of this writing is to show us that due attenion should be paid to the importance of \color{red}xxx}$$

ChatGPT：The purpose of this writing is to emphasize the significance of xxx that deserves due attention

优化：The purpose of this writing is to emphasize that due attention should be paid to importance of xxx

图片巧妙地解释了一个意义/现象/问题 + 同位语从句

$$\text{The picture has subtly revealed a meaning/phenomenon/problem that ...}$$

第二句：意义分析，使用 smile bar 词组

$$\text{From \color{red} sth/doing sth, \color{none} we can benefit a lot, such as \color{green} A, B, and C}$$

这里的 we can benefit a lot 可以改成 we can reap numerous benefits

第三句：例证分析（8 个例子）

$$\text{When it comes to the significance of xxx, I can think of no illustration than the follwing one(s):}$$

个人品质

乔布斯：

定语从句后填写和主题相关的句子，比如坚持梦想、坚守原则等。

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{Steve jobs who ....., spent his life on packaging the magic of computing into elegantly designed and}\\ &\text{easy-to-use products, redefined the cellphone industry and changed the way we see the world.} \end{aligned}$$

Chatgpt 优化：Steve Jobs, the visionary who dedicated his life to encapsulating the enchantment of computing within exquisitely crafted and user-friendly products, revolutionized the mobile phone industry and reshaped our perception of the world.

可以使用其中的一些词汇：enchantment、exquisitely crafted、revolutionized

屠呦呦：

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{Madam Curie who is a female Polish immigrant, Einstein who is a Jweish refugee, Turing who is a gay mathematician,}\\ &\text{Tu youyou working almost anonymously}\\ &\text{}\\ &\text{}\\ \end{aligned}$$$$\text{Despite their differences, the all shared xxx and ended up/ultimately making some of the biggest/most significant contributions to the 20th century}$$

传统文化/文化交流

孔子

promoting and inheriting our excellent traditional culture

Confucianism (儒家思想) that was created by confucius as 2500 years ago, has a far-reaching impact on the world and chinese civilization.

ChatGPT 优化：Confucianism, established by Confucius 2500 years ago, has exerted a profound and enduring influence on both the world and Chinese civilization.

正面现象

武汉抗疫

The spirit of devotion The social sense of responsibility angel in white

On Chinese new year's eve -- a night for family reunion in 2020, more than 120 medical workers across China were drafted to aid Wuhan with a high risk of being infected.

ChatGPT: On Chinese New Year's Eve in 2020, amidst a night typically dedicated to family reunions, over 120 medical workers from various regions in China volunteered to assist in Wuhan, despite the high risk of potential infection, demonstrating remarkable courage and selflessness.

结合以下: On Chinese New Year's Eve in 2020 -- a night typically dedicated to family reunions, over 120 medical workers across China were drafted to aid Wuhan, despite the high risk of potential infection, demonstrating remarkable courage and selflessness.

心理健康/压力

Appropriate pressure Cope with stress reasonably adept at managing stress

Su Bingtian who copes with stress reasonably, ran a 9.83 s in the men's 100 m semifinal and became the first Asian man entering the 100 m final of the Olympic games.

ChatGPT: Su Bingtian, adept at managing stress, achieved a remarkable time of 9.83 seconds in the men's 100m semifinal, thereby becoming the first Asian man to advance to the 100m final in Olympic history.

综合一下: Su Bingtian, xxxxx , achieved a remarkable time of 9.83 seconds in the men's 100m semifinal, thereby becoming the first Asian man to advance to the 100m final in Olympic history.

正直/诚信

honesty credibility

The cherry-tree-chopping Washington who never lied to/deceive his father, built/cultivated an image of unwavering honesty and earned immense respect from his people.

文明行为

Lenin, a Russian communist politician, made way for a female worker carrying a basin of water and showed his great manners.

ChatGPT: Lenin, the Russian communist politician, displayed exemplary manners by courteously/mannerly making way for a female worker carrying a basin of water, showcasing his respect and consideration for others.

低碳生活/经济

The new -energy auto industry has been enjoying a rapid development due to the advances in science and technology.

ChatGPT: The new energy automotive industry has experienced rapid development, propelled by advancements in science and technology.

第四句：研究发现

$$\begin{aligned} &\text{Studies conducted by Harveard University/Research institutions have found that college students--those who xxx }\\ &\text{excel/outperform their peers on a range of career and education achievement factors.}\\ \end{aligned}$$

第三段：总结

第一句结论句

$$\text{What is the right/appropriate attitude we would take toward this phenomenon/problem/meaning?}$$

第二句提建议

个人品质：

$$\text{The general public should be educated and guided to understand/comprehend the importance of xxx, which is essential/indispensable to individual growth/development.}$$

正面/中性社会现象：

$$\text{The whole society ought to work out useful proposals to ensure this phenomeneon will produce lasting effect on the building of a healthy society}$$

ChatGPT ：The entire society should collectively devise practical strategies to ensure that this phenomenon has a lasting impact on the establishment of a thriving community.

可以优化为：

$$\text{The entire society should collectively devise practical strategies to ensure that this phenomenon will produce lasting effect on the establishment of a thriving community}$$

反面现象：

$$\text{It is necessary/imperative that related/pertinent/relevant laws and regulations should be enacted to solve this urgent/pressing problem/issue}$$

第三句：展望未来

$$\text{Only in this way can we enjoy a bright future, can we realize the prosperity and rejuvenation of China.}$$

ChatGPT: Only by doing so can we pave the path towards a prosperous and revitalized China, ensuring a brighter future.

In this manner alone, we can truly embrace a radiant future and actualize the prosperity and rejuvenation of China.

优化：

$$\text{Only in this way can we embrace a radiant future, can we realize the prosperity and rejuvenation of China.}$$